The different titles that were negotiated on the auction floor had a mixed behavior.
Adverse session for the BEL-20 INDEX, which ended the day on Thursday, January 19 with notable drops of 1.62%, to 3,856.90 points. The BEL-20 INDEX marked the maximum figure of 3,911.50 points and a minimum volume of 3,854 points. The trading range for the BEL-20 INDEX between its highest and lowest point (maximum-minimum) during this day stood at 1.47%.
In reference to the profitability of the last seven days, the BEL-20 INDEX registers a decrease of 1.57% and for a year it has still accumulated a decrease of 6.05%. The BEL-20 INDEX stands 2.46% below its maximum this year (3,954.16 points) and 2.76% above its minimum valuation so far this year (3,753.22 points).
What is a Stock Index And What is it For?
A stock index is an indicator that shows how the value of a certain set of assets changes, so it collects data from various companies or sectors of a fragment of the market.
These indicators are used mainly by the stock markets of various nations and each one of them can be integrated by firms with specific characteristics, such as having a similar market capitalization or belonging to the same type of industry; likewise, there are some indices that only take consider a handful of shares to determine its value or others that consider hundreds of shares.
Stock indices serve as an indicator of confidence in the stock market, business confidence, the health of the national and global economy, and the performance of investments in shares and shares of an entity. If investors do not have confidence, the costs of shares will tend to fall.
Likewise, they work to measure the performance of an asset manager and allow to compare between profitability and risk; measure the opportunities of a financial asset or create portfolios.
These types of indicators began to be used at the end of the 19th century after the journalist Charles H. Dow. To carefully investigate how the shares of companies tended to rise or fall together in price, he created two indices: one that contained the 20 largest railway companies (as it was the most important industry at the time), as well as 12 shares of other types of businesses
Currently in our economy there are various indices and they can be associated based on their geography, sectors, company size or even the type of asset, for example, the US Nasdaq index is made up of the 100 largest companies that are largely related to technologies such as Apple (AAPL), Microsoft (MSFT), Amazon (AMZN), Facebook (FB), Alphabet (GOOG), Tesla (TSLA), Nvidia (NVDA), PayPal (PYPL), Comcast (CMCSA), Adobe (ADBE).
How is a Stock Index Measured?
Each stock index has its own calculation method, but the main component is the market capitalization of each company that integrates it. This is obtained by multiplying the value of the share on the corresponding stock market by the total number of shares that are in the hands of investors.
Companies listed on the stock exchange are required to present a balance sheet of their composition. Said report must be notified every three or six months, as the case may be.
Reading a stock index also requires noticing its variations over time. New indices always start with a fixed value based on the prices of the securities on their start date, but not all follow this method. Therefore, it can lead to failures.
If one index boosts by 500 points in a day, while another only gets 20, it might appear that the former performed better. However, if the former started the day at 30,000 points and the other at 300, it can be assumed that, in percentage terms, the gains for the latter were considerable.
What Are The Major Stock Indices?
Among the main US stock indices is the Dow Jones Industrial Average, better known as Dow Jones, made up of 30 companies. Similarly, the S&P 500, which includes 500 of the largest companies on the New York Stock Exchange. Finally, we must not forget the Nasdaq 100, which unites 100 of the largest non-financial firms.
On the other hand, the most important indices in Europe are the Eurostoxx 50, which covers the 50 most important companies in the euro area. In addition, the DAX 30, the main German index that contains the most prominent companies on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange; the FTSE 100 of the London Stock Exchange; the CAC 40 of the Paris Stock Exchange; and the IBEX 35, of the Spanish stock market.
In Asia, we have the Nikkei 225, made up of the top 225 companies on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. There is also the SSE Composite Index, which is seen as the predominant one in China, made up of the most relevant companies on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. Similarly, it is worth mentioning the Hang Seung Index in Hong Kong and the KOSPI in South Korea.
With regard to the Latin American region, there is the IPC, which contains the 35 most powerful firms on the Mexican Stock Exchange (BMV). At least a third of them are part of the patrimony of tycoon Carlos Slim.
Another is the Bovespa, made up of the 50 most important companies on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange; the Merval from Argentina; the IPSA of Chile; the MSCI COLCAP of Colombia; the IBC of Caracas, made up of 6 companies from Venezuela.
Finally, there are other types of global stock indices such as the MSCI Latin America, which includes the 137 most important companies in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru.
Similarly, there is the MSCI World, which includes 1,600 companies from 23 developed countries; the MSCI Emerging Markets, made up of more than 800 companies from developing countries; and the S&P Global 100, made up of the 100 most powerful multinational firms on the entire planet.
This article is originally published on infobae.com
